Broad street bridge mason county, texas built 1918 by the alamo construction co. The beam or truss bridge is, in effect, a pair of girders supporting a deck spanning the gap between two piers. Introduction to bridge bridge type truss bridge arch bridge suspension bridge cantilever bridge truss bridge truss design is to support the bridge deck the truss may have ompression or tension the joint of truss is important truss force analysis loads members in tension and compression. Home bridge construction over truss bridge the easiest construction technique is in situ during the dry season, over causeway and culverts. The truss bridge is designed with either the road being at the truss bottom, or alternatively with the road being at the truss top. Environmental considerations for construction of bridges. Truss bridges utilize the materials that are needed to create them very effectively. Mdot bridge operations engineer contact information. Relocated in 1999 to the calhoun county historic bridge park relocated pratt pony truss bridge over rabbit river on 3rd avenue in hopkins.
Constraints and criteria construction of truss bridges. We were to come up with a prototype using wood craft sticks and white elmers glue. Truss bridge accessscience from mcgrawhill education. Through truss, pony truss and deck truss elevations and crosssections. This books covers the entire gamut of bridge engineering investigation, design, construction and maintenance of bridges. Overall truss bridge design meets the current needs of a client as well as any expansion plans without making major modification to the existing facilities 14. The bridge remained in use till 1985, when a new bridge was opened a short distance downstream. Jan 12, 2017 to maintain continuity with the ezell bridge project, the county also chose a cambridgestyle, selfweathering truss bridge design for the overhead bridge road, with a clear span length of 104ft x 29ft wide with a load rating of hl93.
Truss bridges consist of groupings of these triangles, usually built of wood, metal, or concrete. Sep 16, 2007 also a number of bridge collapses can be traced to derailed trains striking the timber trusses and weakening the bridge enough to cause it to fail. Mar 16, 2016 overall truss bridge design meets the current needs of a client as well as any expansion plans without making major modification to the existing facilities 14. Due to the trusss simplicity and ease of construction, many builders chose to erect towns lattice truss. Hampden bridge was built in 1895 over the murumbidgee river in wagga wagga and was the first overhead braced allan truss. No bridge name total span m mainspan m year of construction 1 ampera, sumsel 354 75 19621965 2 danau bingkuang, riau 200 120 19681970 3 siak i, riau 350 52 19751977 4 kapuas timpah 255 105 2010 b. Geometry of bridge construction the four kinds of bridges and some combinations a.
Steel bridges ii structural steel rev design project. Tableopcohtekts page ihtroductioit 1 historyofbridgeconstructloij. Rehabilitation of a steel pony truss using maintenance. To maintain continuity with the ezell bridge project, the county also chose a cambridgestyle, selfweathering truss bridge design for the overhead bridge road, with a clear span length of 104ft x 29ft wide with a load rating of hl93.
Introduction through our experiment it was found that the bridge design that minimized the maximum compression force was the howe bridge. There are a lot of parts, but really, im going to summarize them for you. The basic types of truss bridges shown in this article have simple designs which could be easily analyzed by. Construction of this kind of bridge is based on smart use of compression and tension. Dec 09, 2018 well, lets start with a more preliminary question. In addition to this, during construction of the bridge, we established practices for traffic control in.
John morrissy, the minister of public works, it was hailed as one of the greatest structures in the province, and provided the first fixed road link between the former town. Design of industrial truss university of asia pacific. Following the i35w bridge collapse in august 2007, one of the fhwa directives was to inspect all underdeck truss bridges. A brief history of metal truss bridges in texas a truss bridge is one made of triangular components. Where it passes over supports, other forces come into.
Load rating gusset plates on nonloadpathredundant steel truss bridges. Collapsed during construction in 1892, rebuilt, replaced 1915. The truss bridges include different types of bridges that were mainly constructed for railroads in the modern era. Truss is used because it is a very rigid structure and it transfers the load from a single point to a much wider area. Lines 1420 includes instructions and illustrations.
Truss applicability bridge replacement structural capacity for removal of equipment max. The bridge must be a steel truss bridge, nonloadpathredundant and contain gusset plates. Rehabilitation of a steel pony truss using maintenance free. Trusses have been used in a similar way to beams in composite decks oresund approach spans, as arches sydney harbour bridge, as cantilevers forth rail bridge or as stiffening girders to suspension bridges forth road bridge. The former bridge was identified as being in fairtopoor condition, with the original main truss spans exhibiting the most serious deterioration. This is a warren truss girder bridge that is formed by a top chord with a parallel chord flat geometry. The former design has the bridge elements under compression, while the elements of the. Pratt pony truss bridge over north channel platte river on an abandoned alignment of us 34281nine bridges road open to pedestrians only. The required passage may be for a road, a railway, pedestrians, a canal or a pipeline. Concrete pony truss bridge over comanche creek on broad street in mason to be rehabilitated for pedestrian use. Home bridge construction through truss bridge the easiest construction technique is in situ during the dry season, over causeway and culverts.
During the long journey they had achieved several heights and continuing to excellence. Two of the most used truss bridges are of the pratt and howe design. Truss bridges appeared very early in the history of modern bridges and are economic to. A truss is a triangulated framework of individual elements or members which act primarily in tension or compression. Patent for an improved method of trussbridge construction, whether made with a single or double roadway and with or without a sidewalk upon one or both sides, so as to enable them to be made with less material and less expense than when made in the ordinary manner, and which shall at the same time have an equal or greater strength.
A bridge consisting of members arranged vertically in a triangular pattern, which provides stability and support. A truss frame consists of a roof truss and a floor truss joined by exterior wall studs. First, the bridge was put into the machine and screwed in to the place it needed to be. Lessons from rome to tacoma clear lake ms engineering 03272006. Here are some pros and cons to consider with the construction of a new truss bridge. In order to increase the strength of the bridge three sticks will be added to together in the members that face biggest values of tension and compression order to increase the strength of the bridge so, the new maximum load that the bridge can carryx1. It has a sturdy look and is a great choice for multiple span bridges or bridges set in urban or rural settings. Continuous steel bridges no bridge name total span m mainspan m year of construction 1 rempanggalang, batam 385 245 19951998. When the bridge is being created the bridge cannot be too much, if the price of the bridge were to be too much and the bridge met the other requirements that means and unnecessary amount of money and resources were used when creating the bridge. Design a through type single lane truss bridge for broad gauge main line loading. Such a beam has to withstand both compression in its upper parts and tension in its lower parts.
The top and bottom chords of the truss carry primarily the. Environmental considerations for construction of bridges and. For this structure, the steel truss and concre te deck are constructed on the spanning cables. Also a number of bridge collapses can be traced to derailed trains striking the timber trusses and weakening the bridge enough to cause it to fail. It was a three span bridge with a long approach on the northern side. The obstacle to be crossed may be a river, a road, railway or a valley. The roadway railings for both bridges were wbeams and both were also finished with concrete decking. Tacoma narrows bridge disaster, 1940 on the morning of november 7, 1940, the tacoma narrows bridge twisted violently in 42mileperhour winds and collapsed into the cold waters of the puget sound. This is a photo of a howe truss somewhere in colorado in 1870. Steel bridges ppt truss bridge free 30day trial scribd. Concrete truss bridge over puyallup river on wa 162 in mcmillin open to pedestrians only.
A truss bridge is built by connecting straight elements with the help of pin joints span a distance of approximately 1200 feet. This type of construction allows forms and workers to operate efficiently at grade, instead of being suspended above the ground and traffic. My modeled version is similar to a real howe truss but considerable simplifications have been made to allow easy fabrication. This truss eliminates verticals at the top chord panel points. The bridge is a 5span continuous composite truss bridge with concrete upper and lower slabs and steel pipe webs. Edsgn100 truss bridge design final design report executive summary we were approached by a company to design a bridge that was strong, aesthetically pleasing, and economically efficient. Reidsteels guide to bridge construction methods and techniques for the over truss bridge. Interestingly, it seems that town more actively pursued selling his truss design.
This system used load and resistance factors to ensure a stable bridge with sufficient strength. Truss bridge construction is initiated with a detailed soil analysis to determine suitability for the bridge and traffic loads. The strength of the bridge must be able to withstand a certain amount of weight on it for transportation vehicles, if the bridge weren. The design of a truss bridge incorporates a triangular structure called truss. The inplace truss bridge was built in 1957 and was named after hernando desoto, the first european to take credit for seeing the mississippi river in 1541. The desoto bridge was closed to traffic in march 2008 when minor dis. The forces react only on the nodes and the result of the forces act on the members. Truss members are in compression or tension, and thus can carry heavy loads. These books are used by students of top universities, institutes and colleges. The bridge was measured to be 16 inches long and 2 inches tall.
Composite truss bridges using suspenshion structure akio kasuga1 abstract a unique construction method developed over more than 10 years produces a rational structure, erecting a single span com posite truss bridge using a suspension method. Each utilises the basic triangle design, characteristic of the truss bridge, however, each varies slightly in the way they distribute compression and tension. Truss bridge is a type of bridge whose main element is a truss which is a structure of connected elements that form triangular units. The morrissy bridge is a steel truss bridge crossing the miramichi river at miramichi, new brunswick, canada construction of morrissy bridge began in 19 and was completed and opened in november 1914. What are truss bridge designs and how do they really work.
Midtown greenway extension across mississippi river bridge. The members are always either in compression or in tension. Steel truss bridge the 2006 bridge inspection reference manual 4 identifies three types of trusses, grouped according to deck position, as shown in figure 1. The wide variety of possible roof and floor truss designs and combinations is illustrated by figure 1. Or 2 3 beams can often be lifted in, singly or joined in pairs, by cranes on each bank. Truss bridges are the oldest known bridges of the modern era. Additional costs can include painted bridges, bow trusses as opposed to parallel chord trusses, girder beams with aesthetic wood covering 25% increase, aashto code as opposed to aisc code, and wider decks of feet to 16 feet 2040% increase compared with 12foot bridge decks. Truss bridges have been a staple type of steel bridge since the 1800s. Contractors that are equipped to move fill material will take advantage of this method. Since the tacoma narrows bridge disaster in 1940, many major suspension bridges have been built with a stiffening truss.
Okay, so the truss bridge is actually more complicated than just being made of connected triangles. Mcmillin bridge pierce county, washington built 1934. We advise too much camber, leaving gaps in the top chord, which close when the causeway is removed. Geometry of bridge construction fairfield university. A truss is actually a girder with a web of triangular openings and uses material very efficiently. Lost truss bridge over licking river on 11th street replaced by a new bridge. A truss bridge is a type of bridge that has many trusses, which is a structure that has one or more triangular units that is made up of straight members that are connected using nodes. The kennerdell bridge is located within the allegheny river national wild and scenic river corridor, approximately 50 miles north of pittsburgh. Bypassed by a new vehicular bridge and left in place in 2015. Bridge l5733 has one west approach deck girder span span 1, three deck truss spans over the main river gorge spans 24, and two east approach deck girder spans spans 56 for a total bridge length of 1076 feet long. For economical considerations, height 8 1 to 10 1 of span. Synopsis since inception of indian railways in 1853 the railway engineers has history of more than 250 years of construction and maintenance of railway bridges.
It has a sturdy look and is a great choice for multiple span. Arch design evenly distributes stresses natural concrete made from mud and straw. Subramanian, design of steel structures, oxford university press, new delhi, india. We were given specific specifications that we needed to follow, or else or. Bridges have a truss on either side of the roadway. A truss bridge is a bridge whose loadbearing superstructure is composed of a truss, a structure of connected elements usually forming triangular units. What are the materials needed to build a truss bridge. Introduction to bridge bridge type truss bridge arch bridge suspension bridge cantilever bridge truss bridge truss design is to support the bridge deck the truss may have ompression or tension the joint of truss is important trussforce analysis loads members in tension and compression. Truss bridge final presentation linkedin slideshare.
Deck truss railroad bridge that extends over the erie canal is one of the many famous truss bridges. Bridge l5733 has one west approach deck girder span span 1, three deck truss spans over the main river gorge spans 24, and two east approach deck girder spans spans 5. End walls may be truss framed with fieldassembled stud infill, prefabricated in. Next, the bridge was to be tested on how much force it can take with the structural stress analysis machine. The four most basic categories in the truss bridge arena are the warren, pratt, howe and k truss.
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